Ruby Lesson 3 and Setbacks

This is my second time going through Lesson 3. The first time I got to the Project portion and realized I needed to take notes, hence this blog. Now the second time over it's still confusing me, hopefully writing it all out will clarify some confusion. 

Lesson 3 itself isn't bad at all, it's the Project that tosses them all together that's the problem. Maybe it's me, maybe it's the way Codeacademy explains the steps, or maybe assimilating all the knowledge and applying it is more of a challenge than I thought. Either way, I'm not givin' up.